Combine the wet cookie dough ingredients (butter, sugar, eggs, and extract) in a large mixing bowl and cream on high speed until smooth
Mix the dry cookie dough ingredients (flour, sea salt, and baking soda) until smooth.
Mix the chocolate chips into the cookie dough and then chill the dough in the fridge to make it firm for easy assembly.
While the cookie dough chills, combine the caramel candies with the condensed milk in a saucepan over medium-low heat. Remove from the heat and add the sea salt.
Press half of the cookie dough into the prepared baking dish and pour the homemade caramel sauce over in an even layer.
Crumble the remaining cookie dough over the caramel sauce layer and bake for 25 minutes.
Remove the baked salted caramel chocolate chip cookie bars from the oven and top with a sprinkling of sea salt flakes. Once completely cooled, slice into dessert bars or squares.